Borders Against Brothers: Intra-African Xenophobia and the Failure of the African Union's Free Movement Law

With an examination of why the African Union’s own Protocol on Free Movement of Persons remains largely unratified, Elphas argues that this failure is directly linked to the recurring waves of xenophobic violence against fellow Africans, most recently in South Africa. The piece draws on the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action, in the context of African Commission jurisprudence and the recent Gauteng High Court judgment against Operation Dudula, to assert free movement and migrant protection is central to reparative justice.